On/off or ‘Bang-Bang’ control - this is the simplest form of closed loop control, and is exemplified by a domestic heating system with a room thermostat. Although the tap can be operated by a user to regulate water flow, the hose has no feedback mechanism to ‘close the loop’ for automatic regulation. One example is a garden hose, connected to a tap. Then, we focus in on PID controllers and how they operate. Accordingly, we start by explaining the control system hierarchy that exists today, and showing how PID control fits into this.
However, they come in many types, of which PID control is just one, albeit the most sophisticated.
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